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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2000-12-12 - AGENDA REPORTS - HASKELL CYN BRIDGE BIDS (2)CITY OF SANTA CLARITA AGENDA REPORT CONSENT CALENDAR DATE: December 12, 2000 City Manager Apprm Item to be presented SUBJECT: HASKELL CANYON BRIDGE WIDENING, PROJECT NO. S4002 - APPROVE THE PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS, AND ESTIMATE (PS&E), AND AUTHORIZE ADVERTISING FOR BIDS DEPARTMENT: Transportation & Engineering Services RECOMMENDED ACTION City Council approve the plana, specifications, and estimate for the Haskell Canyon Bridge Widening, Project No. S4002, and authorize the advertising for bids. BACKGROUND The project consists of the widening of the existing Haskell Canyon Bridge, north of Bouquet Canyon Road, to accommodate four travel lanes, a center lane, and bike lanes. On July 13, 1993, the City Council awarded the design contract for the widening of the Haskell Canyon Bridge to ASL Consulting Engineers. The design was completed and was on hold for future funding. There were code changes and new requirements passed because of the January 17, 1994 Northridge earthquake. Since the design was completed seven years ago, the Haskell Canyon Bridge plane need to be updated. On July 27, 2000, staff submitted the plans back to ASL Consulting Engineers to review and update the plans, specifications, and estimates (PS&E) to meet code changes and new code requirements. Plans and specifications for this project have been completed and are available for review in the City Clerk's Reading File and the City Engineer's office. Other action as determined by the City Council. 10 gide It : FRIUIU�J�' HASKELL CANYON BRIDGE WIDENING PROJECT December 12, 2000 - Page 2 Funds for this project in the amount of $621,300.00 were appropriated in the budget for Fiscal Year 2000-2001. The project is funded by HBRR funds (Account No. 54002453) for $371,200.00 and Gas Tax funds (Account No. 54002201) for $250,100.00. 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Is 4L sy. �jft HASKELL CANYON ROAD BRIDGE WIDENING CITY OF SANTA CLARITA BUILDING AND ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT TECEMCAL SPECIFICATIONS (100% SUBMITTAL) December 2000 Tetra Tech ASL 3280 East Foothill Boulevard, Suite 350 Pasadena, CA 91107 (626) 683-0066 DEPARTMENr OFTNANSPORTAT10N BRIDGE GENERAL PLAN ESTIMATEor PLANNING ESTIIMTE 13 DPD -OW -0116A (Pw WN) 11 Am BY ENGLISH X BRIDGE: HASKELL CANYON ROAD CONTRACT ITEMS BRIDGE NO.: p8G1B60 I OUANTITY I AMOUNT t TYPE: PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAM LENGTH: 158.8 X WIDTH: 39 DISTRICT: 7 .AREA 8,193 SF CO, LA RTE. PM DESIGN SECTION ASL Cmitft pErcwro PROJECT INCLUDES ANDS LS QUANTITIES BY: B.S. OUANTITIES CHCKD BY: R.C. CHO UNIT AND EA DATE DATE 9/20/00 ESTIMATE Naz 11/30/00 PRICE SY: COST INDEX: STRUCTURES ROADWORK w""n+ovTs un8 alst bpjllbtbd fpr Year 2001 58073 DBr SF ESTIMATING - LAST k"A4 CONTRACT ITEMS I UNIT I OUANTITY I AMOUNT t ITRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM LS 1 2 lCONSTRUCTION STAKING LS 1 3 TEMPORARY RAILING PE K LF 380 s TEMPORARY TRAFFIC SCREEN LF 180 5 RECONSTRUCT PICKET RAILING LF 332 e BRIDGE REMOVAL PORTIO LS 1 7 STRUCTURAL CONCRETE BRIDGE CY 213 SF) DRILL AND BOND DOWEL LF 68 9 FURNISH PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE GIRDER 70'•80 EA 10 10 ERECT PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE GIRDER EA 10 11 REFINISH BRIDGE DECK SF 79 12 CORE CONCRETE LF 38 ,.In inuReui ...s _.w.. w""n+ovTs un8 alst bpjllbtbd fpr Year 2001 58073 DBr SF ESTIMATING - LAST k"A4 M TABLE OF CONTENTS TECIMCAL SPECIFICATIONS SECTION 1. .....................................................................................................1 SPECIFICATIONS AND PLANS SECTION2. ..............:......................................................1 (BLANK)............................................................................................................1 SECTION3. (BLANK)............................................................................................................1 SECTION4. (BLANK)............................................................................................................1 SECTION5. GENERAL..........................................................................................................2 SECTION 5-1. MISCELLANEOUS ...........................................................................................2 5-1.01 PAYMENTS 5-1.02 .......................................................................................................2 FINAL PAY ITEMS .......................................................................................... 2 5-1.03 INSURANCE.:...................................................................................................2 SECTION6. (BLANK)............................................................................................................2 SECTION7. (BLANK)............................................................................................................ SECTION8. 2 MATERIAL........................................................................................................ SECTION 8-1. 3 MISCELLANEOUS 8-1.01 .......................... _................ 3 .......................................... SLAG AGGREGATE SECTION 8-2 ........................................................................................ 3 CONCRETE ..............................." 8-2.01 .............................................................. 3 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 8-2.02 ............................................................... 3 TRANSPORTING MDMD CONCRETE 8-2.03 .......................................................... 3 CEMENT AND WATER CONTENT SECTION 9. ................................................. DESCRIPTION OF BRIDGE WORK SECTION 10. ...............................................................4 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS SECTION10-1. ............................................................................4 GENERAL..........................................................................................................4 10-1.01 ORDER OF WORK 10-1.02 ...........................................................................................4 MOBILIZATION 10-1-03 ...............................................................................................5 TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM 10-1.04 .......................................................................5 TEMPORARY RAILING 10-1.05 ..................................................................................5 CONSTRUCTION STAKING 10-1.06 ...........................................................................6 RECONSTRUCT METAL BRIDGE (PICKET) RAILING 10-1.07 ..............................6 BRIDGE REMOVAL .........................................................................................7 10-1.08 CONCRETE STRUCTURES 10-1.09 .............................................................................7 PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONDRETE BRIDGE MEMBERS ....................9 10-1.10 DRILL AND BOND DOWELS 10-1.11 .......................................................................10 CORE CONCRETE 10-1.12 .....................................................................................11 REINFORCEMENT .........................................................................................I1 10-1.13 METAL BRIDGE RAILING 10-1.14 ................................................... ........................22 CONCRETE BARRIER ................................................................. 22 Q%WIND0WsrEMmTM.a« � i CITY OF SANTA CLARITA BUILDING AND ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS SECTION 1. SPECIFICATIONS AND PLANS The work embraced herein shall be done in accordance with the Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction —1997 edition and supplements thereto (hereinafter referred to as the "Standard Specifications"), the State of California, Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, dated July 1992, (hereinafter referred to as . the "Caltrans Standard Specifications") and various Standard Plans insofar as the same may apply and in accordance with the following technical specifications. The following are the Standard Plans referenced on the plans: Standard Drawings, City of Santa Clarita Standard Plans for Public Works Construction, 1997 Edition Standard Plans, Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, 1995 Edition Standard Plans, State of California Department of Transportation, July 1992 In case of conflict between Contract Documents, the documents highest in precedence shall control. The precedence shall be: 1. Permits (or Agreement) from other agencies as may be required by law. 2. Technical Specifications. 3. Plans. 4. Standard Plans. S. Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction. 6. Standard Specifications, State of California, Department of Transportation. 7. Reference Specifications. Change Orders, Supplemental Agreements, and approved revisions to Plans and Specifications will take precedence over Items 2 through 7 above. Contract plans shall have precedence over general plans. SECTION 2. (BLANK) SECTION 3. (BLANK) SECTION 4. (BLANK) I, V 5-1.01 PAYMENTS Attention is directed technical specifications. SECTION 5- GYRAL SECTION 5-1. MISCELLANEOUS to Section 9-3, "Payment," of the Standard Specifications and these After acceptance of the contract the Standard Specifications the Pursuant to Section 6-8 " the maximum value for amount, if an Completion and Acceptance," of Progress a Y, Payable for a contract item of work in excess of included for payment in the first es Paymemate nt after Purposes acceptance of the contract will be 5-1.02 FINAL PAY ITEMS When an item of work is designated as for that item of work shall be the final a M to the Engineer's Estimate item are revised by the Engineer, n the item or Estimate, the estimated quantity pay quantity, unless the dimensions of any portion of that dimensions of any portion of the item any Portion of the item is eliminated. If the decrease in the estimated u are revised, and the revisions result in an increase or revised in the quantity °f that item of work, the final a eliminated amount represbe ented by the changes in the Pay quantity for the item the estimated quantity for the item will be elimined If a dimensions. If a final will is is eliminated, the final pay quantity will be revisgd in the pay item is Portion of the item of work. Portion of a final pay item amount represented by the eliminated The estimatedquantity shall he considered s for each item of work designated as determined by computations, based oproximate n a �d no a in the Engineer's Estimate guarantee is made that the quantity which can be the estimate quantity. No allow calls and dimensions shown on the computations does not allowance will be made in the event Plans• will equal equal the estimated quantity. that the quantity based on In case of discrepancybe item and the quantity or sbetween the quantity shown in the Engineer's Estimate for a final pa will be b mmation of quantities for the same item shown on the 1 ased on the quantity shown on the , Y Engineer's Estimate. Pans, payment 5-1.03 INSURANCE Pursuant to Section 7_ Insurance lity Contractor shall�in3' tyband Dama ehe Standard Specifications, the when work h carry Public Liabili En g Performed Before Property w g Liability Insurance at all times Engineer the name, address and telephone number of the e' the Contractor shall company, which has issued the liabili ins nearest claims adjusting Provide the ty insurance. g office of the SECTION 6. (BLANK) SECTION 7. BLANK) 2 SECTION & MATERIAL SECTION 8-1. MISCELLANEOUS 8-1.01 SLAG AGGREGATE Aggregate produced from slag resulting from any steel -making process or from air-cooled iron blast furnace slag shall not be used on this project. SECTION 8-2. CONCRETE 8-2.01 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Portland cement concrete used for bridge and barrier construction shall conform to the provisions in Section 90, "Portland Cement Concrete," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. Unless the use of a mineral admixture is prohibited, whenever the word "cemene, is used in the Caltrans Standard Specifications or the technical specifications, it shall be understood to mean "cementitious material' when both of the following conditions are met: a. The cement content of portland cement concrete is specified, and b. Section 90, "Portland Cement Concrete," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is referenced. 8-2.02 TRANSPORTING MIXED CONCRETE The ninth and tenth paragraphs in Section 90-6.03, "Transporting Mixed Concrete," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications are amended to read: Each load of ready -mixed concrete delivered at the jobsite shall be accompanied by a ticket showing the mix identification number, non -repeating load number, date and time at which the materials were batched, the total amount of water (gallons) added to the load and for transit -mixed concrete, the reading of the revolution counter at the time the truck mixer is charged with cement. This ticket shall also show the actual scale weights (pounds) for the ingredients batched or the calculated pordand cement concrete volume (cubic yards). Theoretical or target batch weights shall not be used as a substitute for actual scale weights. When showing a calculated portland cement concrete volume on the delivery ticket, the Contractor shall maintain and have available a record of the following information for each batched load: I. Mix identification number, specific to the contract. 2. Load number, shall match the load number on the delivery ticket. 3. Date and time the load was batched. 4. Actual batch weight (pounds) for each ingredient. 5. Any water (gallons) added at the plant, in addition to the water proportioned for the batch. 3 When requested, the Contractor shall submit the recorded information for calculated portland cement concrete volumes to the Engineer. The information shall be provided in printed form, or if acceptable to the Engineer, data may be submitted on a 3.54nch diskette. If a diskette is submitted, the data shall be in a tab -delimited text format or data interchange format (DIF), readable in both the MS-DOS and MACINTOSH systems. 8-2.03 CEMENT AND WATER CONTENT The amount of free water used in concrete for roadway deck slabs of highway bridges and structure approach slabs shall not exceed 325 pounds per cubic yard, plus 20 pounds for each required 100 pounds of cement in excess of 658 pounds per cubic yard. The temperature of mixed concrete for roadway deck slabs of highway bridges, immediately before placing, shall be not less than 50° F. nor more than 80° F. Aggregates and water shall be heated or cooled as necessary to produce concrete within these temperature limits. Neither aggregates nor mixing water shall be heated to exceed 150° F. If ice is used to cool the concrete, discharge of the mixer will not be permitted until all ice is melted. SECTION 9. DESCRIPTION OF BRIDGE WORK The bridge work consists of constructing a new bridge superstructure as a widening on the east side of the existing bridge structure, as shown on the plans. The new structure name uses the existing bridge structure name, and as follows: . HASKELL CANYON ROAD over BOUQUET CANYON CHANNEL A two -span, precast prestressed concrete I -girder superstructure with cast -in-place concrete deck, approximately 141.7 feet long and 39 feet wide (widened portion). SECTION 10. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS SECTION 10-1. GENERAL 10-1.01 ORDER OF WORK The Contractor shall follow the sequence of operations as set forth herein. The first order of work, prior to initiating any construction work, shall be to prepare a Traffic Control Plan and secure approval by the City of Santa Clarita. The Traffic Control Plan shall be prepared by the Contractor as specified in "Traffic Control System" elsewhere in these technical specifications. Full compensation for conforming to the requirements of this section shall be considered as included in the prices paid for the various contract items of work and no additional compensation will be allowed therefor. El I J e, 10-1.02 MOBILIZATION Mobilization shall consist of preparatory work and operations, including but not limited to, those necessary 1) cost of bonds required by the general and special provisions of the contract, standard specifications, and these technical provisions; 2) for the movement of personnel, equipment, materials, supplies, and incidentals to the project site; 3) for the establishment of all offices, buildings and other facilities necessary for work on the project; and 4) for all other work and operations which must be performed or cost incurred prior to beginning work on the various contract items on the project site. Attention is directed to Section 9-3.4, "Mobilization," of the Standard Specifications The contract lump sum price paid for mobilization shall include full compensation for furnishing all bonds, labor, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentials, and for doing all the work involved in mobilization as specified in the Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. 10-1.03 TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM This work shall consist of preparation of a Traffic Control Plan to be submitted to the City of Santa Clarita for approval, and implementation of the approved plan to provide for the safe movement of traffic through the construction zones. The traffic Control Plan shall be prepared by a California Registered Professional Engineer, and shall be paid for by the Contractor. The plan shall meet all applicable codes and standards, shall comply with the general requirements noted below and shall comply with the requirements of the Engineer. Allow a minimum of 10 working days for review for the traffic control plans. General Requirements for Traffic Control and Detours 1. Provide a minimum of one travel lane in each direction at all times on Haskell Canyon Road. 2. Provide emergency access through the job site at all times. The contract lump sum price paid for traffic control shall include full compensation for the Preparation of the Traffic Control Plan, and forfamishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals, including but not limited to, signs, traffic cones, barricades, temporary striping, removal of existing striping and temporary striping, flaggers, and other traffic control devices, and for doing the work involved in providing the traffic control system as specified in the Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. 10-1.04 TEMPORARY RAILING Temporary railing (Type K) shall be placed at the locations shown on the plans, specified in these technical specifications or in the Standard Specifications or ordered by the Engineer. Temporary railing (Type K) fabricated prior to January 1, 1993, with one longitudinal No. 5 reinforcing steel bar near the top in lieu of the 2 longitudinal No. 5 reinforcing steel bars near the top, as shown on the plans, may be used. 5 Temporary railing (Type K) fabricated prior to January 1, 1993, with one longitudinal No. 5 reinforcing steel bar near the top in lieu of the 2 longitudinal No. 5 reinforcing steel bars near the top, as shown on the plans, may be used provided vertical holes are not drilled in the top of the temporary railing to secure temporary traffic screen to the temporary railing. 10-1.05 CONSTRUCTION STAKING This work shall consist of furnishing and setting construction stakes and marks by the Contractor to establish the lines and grades for construction of the work shown on the plans and specified in the Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. Construction staking shall be performed as necessary to control the work. Construction stakes and marks shall be furnished and set with accuracy adequate to assure that the completed work conforms to the lines, grades, and sections shown on the plans. Vertical alignment, grid grade notes, and the coordinates of control points (NAD 83 grid) will be furnished to the Contractor for use in performing the construction staking. All computations necessary to establish the exact position of the work from control points shall be made by the Contractor. All computations, survey notes, and other records necessary to accomplish the work shall be neat, legible, and accurate. Copies of such computations, notes, and other records shall be furnished to the Engineer prior to beginning work that requires their use. All horizontal and vertical survey control points shown on the plans shall be checked by the Contractor for description, location, and accuracy, prior to their use. The Contractor shall be responsible for determining the location of, and for protecting, all existing horizontal and vertical survey control points, monuments, ties, and permanent benchmarks located within the limits of the project. These various points may not be shown on the plans. If any of the above require removal, relocating or resetting, the Contractor shall, prior to any construction work and under the supervision of a California licensed land surveyor, establish sufficient temporary ties and bench marks to enable the points to be reset upon completion of construction. Construction staking shall be paid for as a lump sum. The contract lump sum price paid for construction staking shall include full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals, and for doing all the work involved in performing construction staking, as shown on the plans, as specified in these technical specifications, and as directed by the Engineer. 10-1.06 RECONSTRUCT METAL BRIDGE (PICKET) RAILING Metal bridge (Picket) railing of the type shown on the plans shall be removed, refabricated and installed in accordance with the details shown on the plans. Two sets of shop drawings showing details of the refabrication of removed material and the fabrication of new material, including a material list of new material, giving the type of metal proposed for use and the specifications therefor, shall be furnished by the Contractor to the U Engineer for his use in administering the contract, in accordance with the provisions in Section 5-1.02, "Plans and Working Drawings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. Refabrication of removed material, furnishing and fabrication of new material, and installation of the railing shall conform to the provisions corresponding to the type of railing to be reconstructed in Section 83-1, "Railings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. Aluminum welding shall be performed by the inert gas shielded arc welding process. All exposed aluminum welds shall be finished to a neat surface. Abraded and damaged galvanized surfaces on the removed material shall be repaired in accordance with the requirements in Section 75-1.05, "Galvanizing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. Reconstruct metal bridge (picket) railing will be measured by linear foot from end to end or between the points of connection to the existing metal railing, along the face of the reconstructed railing, with no deductions for gaps in railing for lighting and sign supports. 10-1.07 BRIDGE REMOVAL Removal of the existing bridge (portion) shall conform to the requirements in Section 15-4, "Bridge Removal," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. All removed materials shall be disposed outside the right-of-way. 10-1.08 CONCRETE STRUCTURES Portland cement concrete structures shall conform to the provisions in Section 51,. "Concrete Structures," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. GENERAL. — Shotcrete shall not be used as an alternative construction method for reinforced concrete members unless otherwise specified. The second paragraph in Section 51-1.22, "Measurement," of the Standards Specifications is amended to read: The estimated quantity of concrete for minor structures designated as final pay in the Engineer's Estimate will not be revised as specified in Section 9-1.015, "Final Pay Items," of the Standard Specifications, when the constructed height of said minor structure, including revisions by the Engineer, is within 0.5 -foot of the vertical dimension shown on the plans. Vertical, horizontal, radial or normal dimensions shown on the Typical Section in the plans, are for zero percent cross -slope. The horizontal distances between the profile grade line and the edges of deck shall remain unchanged. The planned girder widths and slab thicknesses shall remain unchanged, and the interior girder stems shall remain vertical at the planned locations. CONCRETE. Concrete that has a 28 -day compressive strength shown on the plans of 3,500 pounds per square inch shall contain not less than 658 pounds of cement per cubic yard. Such concrete shall 7 , J < be considered to be designated by cement content rather than by 28 -day compressive strength and the requirements in the ninth paragraph of Section 90-1.01, "Description," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications shall not apply. SLIDING BEARINGS.—Sliding bearings consisting of elastomeric bearing pads lubricated With grease and covered with sheet metal shall conform to the following requirements: Grease shall conform to the requirements of Military Specification: NEL-S-8660. A uniform film of grease shall be applied to the upper surface of the pads prior to placing the sheet metal. Sheet metal shall be commercial quality galvanized sheet steel. The sheet metal shall be smooth and free of kinks, bends, or burrs. Construction methods and procedures shall prevent grout or concrete seepage into the sliding bearing assembly. ELASTOMERIC BEARING PADS.--Elastomeric bearing pads shall conform to the provisions in Section 51-1.12H, "Elastomeric Bearing Pads," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. The fifth paragraph of Section 51-1.12H(1), "Plain and Fabric Reinforced Elastomeric Bearings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended to read: The peel strength test will be performed after immersing the sample in water for a minimum of 10 days. The bond between elastomer and fabric shall be such that when a sample is tested for separation, it shall have a minimum peel strength of 30 pounds per inch when tested in accordance with California Test 663. The last 2 sentences of the tenth paragraph of Section 51-1.1211(1), "Plain and Fabric Reinforced Elastomeric Bearings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications are amended to read: Pads shall be available for sampling at least 4 weeks in advance of intended use. All sample pads for testing shall be furnished by the Contractor at his expense. The fifth subparagraph of the first paragraph of Section 51-1.12H(2), "Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Bearings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended to read: One sample bearing shall be furnished to the Engineer from each lot of bearings to be furnished for the contract. Samples shall be available at least 3 weeks in advance of intended use. The sample bearing shall be one of the following: 8 BEARING PAD THICKNESS SAMPLE BEARING AS SHOWN ON THE PLANS 2 inches or less .................. Smallest complete bearing shown on the plans. Greater than 2 inches........ • 2.25s0.125 inch thick sample not less than 8 inches by 12 inches in plan and cut by the manufacturer from the center of one of the thickest complete bearings. * The sample bearing plus remnant parts of the complete bearing shall be furnished to the Engineer. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, --Measurement and payment for concrete in structures shall conform to the provisions in Sections 51-1.22, "Measurement," and 51-1.23, "Payment," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. The seventh paragraph of Section 51-1.22, "Measurement," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is deleted. 10-1.09 PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE MEMBERS Precast prestressed concrete members shall conform to the provisions in Section 51, "Concrete Structures," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. The top surface of the member shall be given a coarse texture by brooming with a stiff bristled broom or by other suitable devices that will result in uniform transverse scoring, in advance of curing operations. The requirements of the seventh paragraph of Section 51-1.17, "Finishing Bridge Decks," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications shall not apply. The anticipated deflection and method of accommodation of deflection of precast prestressed concrete girders, prior to the time the deck concrete is placed, shall be shown on the working drawings as provided in Section 5-1.02, "Plans and Working Drawings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. The deflection shall include the following: 1. Anticipated upward deflection caused by the prestressing forces. 2. Downward deflection caused by the dead load of the girder. 3. Deflection caused by the creep and shrinkage of the concrete for the time interval between the stressing of the girders and the planned placement of the deck. Such deflection shall be substantiated by calculations that consider the ages of the girder concrete at the time of stressing and the Contractor's planned placement of the deck. All 0 deflection calculations shall be based on the concrete producer's estimate of the modulus of elasticity at the applicable concrete age. Adjustments to accommodate girder deflections, which occur prior to the time the deck concrete is placed, may include revisions in bearing seat elevations, but any such adjustments shall be limited by the following conditions: A. The minimum permanent vertical clearance under the structure as shown on the plans shall not be reduced. B. The profile grade and cross slope of the deck shall not be changed. C. A minimum of one inch of deck slab concrete between the top of the precast girders and the deck slab reinforcement shall be maintained. C. A minimum of one inch of deck slab concrete between the top of the expanded polystyrene in the area between the girder webs and the deck slab reinforcement shall be maintained. Girders with unanticipated girder deflection and which cannot comply with conditions A, B and C will be rejected in accordance with the provisions in Section 6-1.04, "Defective Materials," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. Adjustments to accommodate girder deflections will not be considered a change in dimensions. Full compensation for any increase in the cost of construction, including any increase in the quantity of deck or bearing seat concrete, resulting from adjustments to accommodate girder deflections shall be considered as included in the contract price paid for the various items of work involved, and no additional compensation will be allowed therefor. 10-1.10 DRILL AND BOND DOWELS Drilling and bonding dowels shall conform to the details shown on the plans, the provisions in Section 83-2.021)(1), "General," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. Dowels shall conform to the provisions for bar reinforcement in "Reinforcement" elsewhere in these technical specifications. If reinforcement is encountered during drilling, before specified depth is attained, the Engineer shall be notified. Unless the Engineer approves coring through the reinforcement, the hole will be rejected and a new hole, in which reinforcement is not encountered, shall be drilled adjacent to the rejected hole to the depth shown on the plans. Unless otherwise provided, dowels to be bonded into drilled holes will be paid for as bar reinforcing steel (bridge). Unless otherwise provided, drilling and bonding dowels will be measured and paid for by the linear foot determined by the number and the required depth of holes as shown on the plans, or as ordered by the Engineer. The contract price paid per linear foot for drill and bond dowel shall include full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials (except reinforcing steel dowels), tools, 10 equipment, and incidentals, and for doing all the work involved in drilling the holes, including coring through reinforcement when approved by the Engineer, and bonding the dowels, complete in place, as shown on the plans, as specified in the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications, and as directed by the Engineer. 10-1.11 CORE CONCRETE (1" & 29) Coring concrete shall consist of coring 1" and 2" diameter holes through reinforced concrete bridge members as shown on the plans and in conformance with the requirements in these technical specifications. The holes shall be cored by methods that will not shatter or damage the concrete adjacent to the holes. Water for core drilling operations shall be from the local domestic water supply or shall not contain more than 1,000 parts per million of chlorides as Cl, nor more than 1,300 parts per million of sulfates as SO4, nor shall it contain any impurities in a sufficient amount to cause discoloration of the concrete or produce etching of the surface. Water from core drilling operations shall not be permitted to fall on. public traffic, to flow across shoulders or lanes occupied by public traffic, or to flow into gutters or other drainage facilities. Coring concrete will be measured and paid for by the linear foot as core concrete with sizes as listed in the Engineer's Estimate. The cored concrete will be measured along the centerline of the hole without deduction for expansion joints. The contract price paid per linear foot for core concrete as listed in the Engineer's Estimate shall include full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals, and for doing all work involved in coring the holes, including control of water from core drilling, as shown on the plans, as specified in these technical specifications, and as directed by the Engineer. 10-1.12 REINFORCEMENT Reinforcement shall conform to the provisions in Section 52, "Reinforcement," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. The first paragraph of Section 52-1.02A, "Bar Reinforcement," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended as follows: Reinforcing bars shall be low -alloy steel deformed bars conforming to the specifications of ASTM Designation: A 706, except that deformed or plain billet -steel bars conforming to ASTM Designation: A 615, Grade 40 or 60, may be used as reinforcement in the following: L Slope and channel paving; 2. Minor structures; 3. Sign and signal foundations (pile and spread footing types); 4. Roadside rest facilities; and lil IV r 5. Concrete barrier Type 50 series and temporary railing. Section 52-1.02D, "Reinforcing Wires and Plain Bars," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended as follows: 52-1.02D Reinforcing Wire.—Wire used as reinforcement in structures and concrete piles, as shown on the plans, shall be cold drawn steel wire conforming to the specifications of ASTM Designation: A 82. The last paragraph of Section 52-1.07, "Placing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended as follows: Whenever a portion of an assemblage of bar reinforcing steel that is not encased in concrete exceeds 20 feet in height, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, in accordance with the provisions in Section 5-1.02, "Plans and Working Drawings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications, working drawings and design calculations for the temporary support system to be used. The working drawings and design calculations shall be signed by an engineer who is registered as a Civil Engineer in the State of California. The temporary support system shall be designed to resist all expected loads and shall be adequate to prevent collapse or overturning of the assemblage. If the installation of forms or other work requires revisions to or temporary release of any portion of the temporary support system, the working drawings shall show the support system to be used during each phase of construction. The minimum horizontal wind load to be applied to the bar reinforcing steel assemblage, or to a combined assemblage of reinforcing steel and forms, shall be not less than 20 pounds per square foot on the gross projected area of the assemblage. The following paragraph is added after the first paragraph of Section 52-1.08, "Splicing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications: Shop produced splices shall be produced at a facility approved by the Engineer. The eighth and ninth paragraphs of Section 52-1.08, "Splicing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications are amended to read: Unless otherwise shown on the plans or approved by the Engineer, splices in adjacent reinforcing bars at any particular section shall be staggered. The minimum distance between staggered lap splices or mechanical lap splices shall be the same length required for a lapped splice in the largest bar. The minimum distance between staggered butt splices shall be 2 feet. All distances shall be measured between the midpoints of the splices along a line which is centered between the axes of the adjacent bars. Completed butt splices shall develop a minimum tensile strength, based on the nominal bar area, of 63,000 psi for ASTM Designation: A 615 Grade 40 bars, and of 80,000 psi for ASTM Designation: A 615 Grade 60 and ASTM Designation: A 706 bars. If butt splices are made between two bars of dissimilar strengths, the minimum required tensile strength for the splice shall be that required for the weaker bar. 12 Section 52-1.08B, "Butt Welded Splices," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is replaced with the following: 52-1.08B Butt Welded Splices.— All butt welded splices in reinforcing bars shall be complete joint penetration butt welds conforming to the requirements in AWS D1.4, and the requirements of these specifications and the special provisions. At the option of the Contractor, shop produced resistance butt welds may be used. The Contractor shall designate in writing a Quality Control Manager (QCM). The QCM shall be responsible directly to the Contractor for the quality of all field butt welding of bar reinforcement including, but not limited to, materials and workmanship performed by the Contractor and all subcontractors. The QCM, all inspection personnel, and nondestructive testing firms shall not be employed or compensated by any subcontractor or other persons or entities hired by subcontractors to provide services or materials for the project. The QCM may be an employee of the Contractor. The QCM shall be the sole individual responsible to the Contractor for submitting and receiving all correspondence and required submittals and reports regarding field butt welding of bar reinforcement to and from the Engineer. All reports regarding nondestructive and visual testing, including radiographs, shall be signed by both the radiographer and the person that performed the review, and then submitted directly to the QCM for review and signature prior to submittal to the Engineer. Corresponding names shall be clearly printed or type written next to all signatures. - At least 7 calendar days prior to performing any field butt welding of bar reinforcement, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, a Quality Control Plan (QCP) for the field butt welding of bar reinforcement. The plan shall include the following: 1. The name of the welding firm and the nondestructive testing firm to be used in the work; 2. A complete Quality Assurance Manual (QAM) prepared by the nondestructive testing firm which shall include equipment and its date of calibration, testing procedures and qualifications of all inspection personnel to be used in the work; 3. The name of the QCM and the name and qualifications of the certified welding inspector to be used in the work; 4. The methods for performing all required quality control procedures to be used in the work as required by these specifications including, but not limited to: (a) all visual inspections; and (b) all nondestructive testing including, but not limited to, radiographic geometry, penetrameter selection and shims, film quality, film processing, radiograph identification and marking system, and film interpretation and reports; 5. A system for the identification and tracking of all welds, nondestructive testing and any required repairs, and a procedure for the reinspection of any repaired welds. The 13 system shall have provisions for permanently coding each weld to clearly identify the person who performed the weld; 6. The welding procedure specification, including documentation of the tests performed to qualify the specification, and verification that the tests were witnessed by the Engineer; and 7. Documentation of all certifications for welders who will be used in the work, including all tests performed to qualify the welders, and verification that the tests were witnessed by the Engineer. The Engineer shall have 7 calendar days to review and approve the QCP submittal after a complete plan has been received. No field welding of bar reinforcement shall be performed until the QCP is approved by the Engineer. Should the Engineer fail to complete the review within this time allowance and if, in the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor's controlling operation is delayed or interfered with by reason of the delay in approving the QCP, the delay will be considered a delay as specified in Section 6-6, "Delays and Extensions of Time," of the Standard Specifications. Additional welders, not listed in the approved QCP, shall not be used in the work until an amended QCP, showing documentation of all certifications for these welders, including all tests performed to qualify these welders, verification that the tests were witnessed by the Engineer, and an updated system for the identification and tracking of all welds, is submitted and approved by the Engineer. The Engineer shall have 2 working days to complete the review of the amended QCP. _ A daily production log for field butt welding of bar reinforcement shall be kept by the QCM for each day the welding is performed at the jobsite. The log shall clearly indicate the locations of all welding, including the welder's names, number of bats welded, any"testing or repair work performed at each location. It is expressly understood that the Engineer's approval of the Contractor's QCP shall not relieve the Contractor of any responsibility under the contract for the successful completion of the work in conformity with the requirements of the plans and specifications. The Engineer's approval shall not constitute a waiver of any of the requirements of the plans and specifications nor relieve the Contractor of any obligation thereunder, and defective work, materials and equipment may be rejected notwithstanding approval of the QCP. The following items shall be submitted in writing to the Engineer within 7 calendar days following the performance of any field butt welding of bar reinforcement: 1. Reports of all visual weld inspections; 2. Radiographs and radiographic reports; I Documentation that the Contractor has evaluated all radiographs, corrected any deficiencies, and radiographed any required additional welds; and 4. Daily production log. The Engineer shall review the above items to determine if the Contractor is in conformance with the QCP. The Engineer shall be allowed 7 calendar days to review the above items and respond in writing after all the required items have been received. Prior to FCl receiving notification from the Engineer of the Contractor's conformance with the QCp the Contractor may encase any field butt welded bar reinforcement splices for which the above items have been submitted However, should the Contractor elect to encase those splices prior to receiving notification from the Engineer, it is expressly understood that the Contractor shall not be relieved of the responsibility for incorporating material in the work which conforms to the requirements of the plans and specifications. Any material not conforming to these requirements will be subject to rejection. Should the Contractor elect to wait to encase any field butt welded splices pending notification by the Engineer, and should the Engineer fail to complete the review and provide notification within this time allowance, and if, in the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor's controlling operation is delayed or interfered with by reason of the delay in notification, the delay will be considered a delay as specified in Section 6-6, "Delays and Extensions of Time," of the Standard Specifications. The following is added to Section 7. 1, "General Requirements," of AWS D 1.492: Quality control (QC) is the responsibility of the contractor. As a minimum, the contractor shall perform inspection and testing prior to welding, during welding and after welding as specified in this section and additionally as necessary to ensure that materials and workmanship conform to the requirements of the contract documents. The Quality Control (QC) Inspector is the duly designated person who acts for and in behalf of the contractor on inspection, testing, and quality matters within the scope of the contract documents. When the term "Inspector" is used in this section it shall apply to the Quality Control Inspector with the following exception: The term "Inspector and Engineer" shall replace the tern "Inspector" in Sections 7.1.3, 7.1.4 and 7.4.2. The Engineer shall have the authority to verify the qualifications of Quality Control Inspectors and NDT personnel to specified levels by retests or other means. Section 7.1.2 (3) of AWS D 1.492 is deleted Only the joint details and dimensions as shown in Figure 3.2, "Direct Butt Joints," of AWS D 1.492, shall be used for making complete joint penetration butt welds of bar reinforcement. Split pipe backing shall not be used. Material used as backing for complete joint penetration butt welds of bar reinforcement shall be a flat plate conforming to the requirements of ASTM Designation: A 709, Grade 36. The flat plate shall be 0.25 -inch thick with a width, as measured perpendicular to the axis of the bar, equal to the nominal diameter of the bar, and a length which does not exceed twice the nominal diameter of the bar. The flat plate backing shall be fitted tightly to the bar with the root of the weld centered on the plate. Any bar deformation or obstruction preventing a tight fit shall be ground smooth and flush with the adjacent surface. Tack welds used to fit backing plates shall be within the weld root area so that they are completely consumed by the finished weld Backing plates shall not be removed. 15 Butt welds shall be made with multiple weld passes using a stringer bead without an appreciable weaving motion. The maximum stringer bead width shall be 2.5 times the diameter of the electrode and slagging shall be performed between each weld pass. Weld reinforcement shall not exceed 1/8 -inch in convexity. Before any electrodes or flux -electrode combinations are used, the Contractor, at the Contractor's expense, shall furnish certified copies of test reports for all the pertinent tests specified in AWS A5.1, AWS A5.5, AWS A5.18 or AWS A5.20, whichever is applicable, made on electrodes or flux -electrode combinations of the same class, brand and nearest specified size as the electrodes to be used. The tests may have been made for process qualification or quality control, and shall have been made within one year prior to manufacture of the electrodes and fluxes to be used. The report shall include the manufacturer's certification that the process and material requirements were the same for manufacturing the tested electrodes and the electrodes to be used. The forms and certificates shall be as directed by the Engineer. Electrodes for manual shielded metal arc welding of ASTM Designation: A 615, Grade 60 bars shall conform to the requirements of AWS A5.5 for E9018 -M or E10018 -M electrodes. Electrodes for manual shielded metal arc welding of A 706 bars shall conform to the requirements of AWS A5.5 for E8016 -C3 orX8018-C3 electrodes. Solid and composite electrodes for semiautomatic gas metal -arc and flux -cored arc welding of Grade 40 reinforcing bars shall conform to the requirements of AWS A5.18 for ER70S-2, ER70S-3, ER70S-6 or ER70S-7 electrodes; or AWS. A5.20 for MOT -1; E70T-5, E70T-6 or E70T-8 electrodes. Electrodes for semiautomatic welding of ASTM Designation: A 615, Grade 60 and ASTM Designation: A 706 ban; shall produce a weld metal deposit with properties conforming to the requirements of Section 5.3.4 of AWS D1.1-96 for E90S and E90T electrodes. Reinforcing bars shall be preheated for a distance of not less than 6 inches on each side of the joint prior to welding. For all welding of ASTM Designation: A 615, Grade 40 or Grade 60 bars, the requirements of Table 5.2, "Minimum Preheat and Interpass Temperatures," of AWS D1.4-92 are superseded by the following: The minimum preheat and interpass temperatures shall be 400' F. for Grade 40 bars and 600° F. for Grade 60 bars. Immediately after completing the welding, at least 6 inches of the bar on each side of the splice shall be covered by an insulated wrapping to control the rate of cooling. The insulated wrapping shall remain in place until the bar has cooled below 200° F. When welding different grades of reinforcing bars, the electrode shall conform to Grade 16 40 bar requirements and the preheat shall conform to the Grade 60 bar requirements In the event that any of the specified preheat, interpass and post weld cooling temperatures are not met, all weld and heat affected zone metal shall be removed and the splice rewelded. All welding shall be protected from air currents, drafts, and precipitation to prevent loss of heat or loss of arc shielding. The method of protecting the welding area from loss of heat or loss of arc shielding shall be subject to approval by the Engineer. Reinforcing bars shall not be direct butt spliced by thermite welding. The first paragraph of Section 52-1.08C, "Mechanical Butt Splices," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended to read: Mechanical butt splices shall be one of the following: the sleeve -filler metal type, the sleeve -threaded type, the sleeve -swaged type, the sleeve -filler grout type, the sleeve -extruded type, the sleeve-lockshear bolt type, the two-part sleeve -forged bar type, or the two-part sleeve -friction bar type, at the option of the Contractor. The following is added after Section 52-1.08C(3), "Sleeve -Swaged Mechanical Butt Splices," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications: 52-1.08C(4) Sleeve -Filler Grout Mechanical Butt Splices. The sleeve -filler grout type of mechanical butt splices shall consist of a steel splice sleeve that fits closely over the reinforcing bars with a non -shrink grout filler in the annular space between the reinforcing bars and the sleeve and between the ends of the reinforcing bars. No vibration or movement of the reinforcing steel or sleeve at the splice shall be allowed while the splice is developing sufficient strength to support the reinforcing bars. The Contractor shall submit complete details of the bracing and clamping system to eliminate all vibration or movement at the splice during setup of the filler in accordance with the provisions in Section 5-1.02, "Plans and Working Drawings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. 52-1.OSC(5) Sleeve -Extruded Mechanical Butt Splices. The sleeve -extruded type of mechanical butt splices shall consist of a seamless steel sleeve applied over the ends of the reinforcing bars and extruded to the bars by means of a hydraulic tool. 52-1.08C(6) Sleeve-Lockshear Bolt Mechanical Butt Splices. —The sleeve-lockshear bolt type of mechanical butt splices shall consist of a seamless steel sleeve, 2 serrated steel strips welded to the inside of the sleeve, center hole with centering pin, and bolts that are tightened until the bolt heads shear off and the bolt ends are embedded in the reinforcing bars. S2 -1.08C(7) Two -Part Sleeve -Forged Bar Mechanical Butt Splices.— The two-part sleeve -forged bar type of mechanical butt splices shall consist of a shop machined two-part threaded steel sleeve that interlocks two hot -forged reinforcing bars ends. The forged bar ends may be either shop produced or field produced. 17 . .I 52-1.08C(8) Two -Part Sleeve -Friction Bar Mechanical Butt Splices.— ne two-part sleeve -friction bar type of mechanical butt splices shall consist of a shop machined two-part threaded steel sleeve whose ends are friction welded, in the shop, to the reinforcing bars ends. The first paragraph of Section 52-1.08D, "Qualification of Welding and Mechanical Splicing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended to read: Procedures to be used in making splices in reinforcing bars and welders and operator, employed to make splices in reinforcing bars shall be qualified by tests performed by the Contractor on sample splices of each size and type to be used, before making splices to be used in the work. The third paragraph of Section 52-1.08D, "Qualification of Welding and Mechanical Splicing," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is amended to read: Each operator qualification test for mechanical splices shall consist of 2 sample splices. Each mechanical butt splice procedure test shall consist of 2 sample splices. For sleeve -filler, sleeve -threaded and sleeve-lockshear bolt mechanical splices, all sample splices shall be made on the largest reinforcing bar size to be spliced by the procedure or operator being tested except that No. 14 bars may be substituted for No. 18 bars. For sleeve -swaged, sleeve - extruded, two-part sleeve -forged and two-part sleeve -friction mechanical splices, all sample splices shall be made on the largest reinforcing bar size of each deformation pattern to be spliced by the procedure or operator being tested. When joining new reinforcing bars to existing reinforcement, the qualification test sample bars shall be made with the deformation pattern of the new reinforcement to be joined. Section 52-1.08E, "Job Control Tests," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is replaced with the following: 52-1.08E Job Control Tests.— When mechanical butt splices, shop produced complete joint penetration butt welds, or shop produced resistance butt welded splices are used, the Contractor shall furnish job control tests for these splices. A job control test shall consist of the fabrication, under conditions used to produce the splice, and the physical testing of 3 sample splices for each lot of splices used in the work. A sample splice shall consist of a splice made at the job site to connect two 21 -inch, or longer, bars using the same splice materials, position, location, and equipment, and following the same procedures as are being used to make splices in the work. Sample splices shall be made and tested in the presence of the Engineer or the Engineer's authorized representative. Sample splices shall be suitably identified with weatherproof markings prior to shipment to the testing laboratory. One job control test shall be furnished for each lot of 150, or fraction thereof, of mechanical butt splices, shop produced complete joint penetration butt welds, or shop 18 ,} .1 F produced resistance butt welded splices of each combination of bar size and bar deformation patter used in the work. For shop produced complete joint penetration butt welds, shop produced resistance butt welded splices and all types of mechanical butt splices, except the sleeve -threaded type, the Engineer will designate when samples for job control tests are to be fabricated, and will determine the limits of the lot represented by each job control test. For sleeve -threaded mechanical butt splices, the reinforcing bars for control samples shall be fabricated on a random basis during the cutting of threads on the reinforcing bars of each lot and shipped to the job site with the material they represent. For shop produced resistance butt welds, two sample splices for each of the smallest and largest sizes of bars to be used shall have the flash ground to sound metal. The welds will be visually inspected. Should the average of the results of tests made on the 3 sample splices or should more than one sample splice in any job control test fail to meet the requirements for splices, all splices represented by that test will be rejected in accordance with the provisions in Section 6-1.04, "Defective Materials," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. This rejection shall prevail unless the Contractor, at the Contractor's expense, obtains and submits evidence, of a type acceptable to the Engineer, that the strength and quality of the splices in the work are acceptable. Section 52-1.08F, "Nondestructive Splice Tests" of the Caltrans Standard Specifications is replaced with the following: 52-1.08F Nondestructive Splice Tests.—All required radiographic examinations of complete joint penetration butt welded splices shall be performed by the Contractor in accordance with the requirements of AWS D 1.4 and these technical specifications. Prior to radiographic examination, welds shall meet the requirements of Section 4.4, "Quality of Welds," of AWS D1.4-92. Radiographic examinations shall be performed on 25 percent of all complete joint penetration butt welded splices from a production lot. The size of a production lot will be a maximum of 100 splices. The Engineer will select the splices which will compose the production lot and also the splices within each production lot to be radiographically examined. Should more than 12 percent of the splices which have been radiographically examined in any production lot be defective, an additional 25 percent of the splices, selected by the Engineer from the same production lot, shall be radiographically examined Should more than 12 percent of the cumulative total of splices tested from the same production lot be defective, all remaining splices in the lot shall be radiographically examined Additional radiographic examinations performed due to the identification of defective splices shall be at the Contractor's expense. IL All defects shall be repaired in accordance with the requirements of AWS DIA. Radiographic examinations will not be required for either shop produced complete joint penetration butt welds or shop produced resistance butt welded splices of No. 8 or smaller bars used as spiral or hoop reinforcement. In addition to radiographic examinations performed by the Contractor, any mechanical or welded splice may be subject to inspection or nondestructive testing by the Engineer. The Contractor shall provide sufficient access facilities in the shop and at the jobsite to permit the Engineer or his agent to perform the inspection or testing. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer in writing 48 hours prior to performing any radiographic examinations. The radiographic procedure used shall conform to the requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code, Section V, Article 2 and the following: Two exposures shall be made for each complete joint penetration butt welded splice. For each of the two exposures, the radiation source shall be centered on each bar to be radiographed The first exposure shall be made with the radiation source placed at zero degrees from the top of the weld and perpendicular to the weld root and identified with a station mark of "0." When obstructions prevent a zero degree placement of the radiation source for the first exposure, and when approved in writing by the Engineer, the source may be rotated a maximum of 25 degrees. The second exposure shall be at 90 degrees to the "0" station mark and shall be identified with a station mark of -"90." For field produced complete joint penetration butt welds, no more than one weld shall be radiographed during one exposure. For shop produced complete joint penetration butt welds, if more than one weld is to be radiographed during one exposure, the angle between the root line of each weld and the direction to the radiation source shall be not less than 65 degrees. Radiographs shall be made by either X-ray or gamma ray. Radiographs made by X-ray or gamma rays shall have densities of not less than 2.3 nor more than 3.5 in the area of interest. A tolerance of 0.05 in density is allowed for densitometer variations. Gamma rays shall be from the iridium 192 isotope and the emitting specimen shall not exceed 0.175 -inch in the greatest diagonal dimension. The radiographic film shall be placed: perpendicular to the radiation source at all times; parallel to the root line of the weld unless source placement determines that the film must be turned; and as close to the root of the weld as possible. The minimum source to film distance shall be maintained so as to insure that all radiographs maintain a maximum geometric unsharpness of 0.020 at all times, regardless of the size of the reinforcing bars. 20 All penetrameters shall be placed on the source side of the bar and perpendicular to the radiation source at all times. One penetrameter shall be placed in the center of each bar to be radiographed, perpendicular to the weld root, and adjacent to the weld. Penetrameter images shall not appear in the weld area. When radiography of more than one weld is being performed per exposure, each exposure shall have a minimum of one penetrameter per bar, or three peneirameters per exposure. When three penetrameters per exposure are used, one penetrameter shall be placed on each of the two outermost bars of the exposure, and the remaining penetrameter shall be placed on a centrally located bar. An allowable weld buildup of 1/8 inch may be added to the total material thickness when determining the proper penetrameter selection. No image quality indicator equivalency will be accepted. Wire penetrameters or penetrameter blocks shall not be used. Penetrameters shall be sufficiently shimmed using a radiographically identical material. Penetrameter image densities shall be a minimum of 2.0 and a maximum of 3.6. All radiographic film shall be Class 1, regardless of the size of reinforcing bars. Radiographs shall be free of film artifacts and processing defects, including, but not limited to, streaks, scratches, pressure marks, or marks made for the purpose of identifying film or welding indications. Each splice shall be clearly identified on each radiograph and the radiograph identification and marking system shall be established between the Contractor and the Engineer before radiographic inspection begins. Film shall be identified by lead numbers only; etching, flashing, or writing in identifications of any type will not be permitted. Each piece of film identification information shall be legible and shall include, as a minimum, the following information: Contractor's name, date, name of nondestructive testing firm, initials of radiographer, contract number, part number, and weld number. The letter "R" and repair number shall be placed directly after the weld number to designate a radiograph of a repaired weld. Radiographic film shall be developed within a time range of one minute less to one minute more than the film manufacturer's recommended maximum development time. Sight development will not be permitted. Processing chemistry shall be done with a consistent mixture and quality, and processing rinses and tanks shall be clean to ensure proper results. Records of all developing processes and any chemical changes to the developing processes shall be kept and furnished to the Engineer upon request. The Engineer may request, at any time, that a sheet of unexposed film be processed in the presence of the Engineer to verify processing chemical and rinse quality. 21 All radiographs shall be interpreted and graded by a Level 11 or Level III technician who is qualified in accordance with the American Society for Nondestructive Testings Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-IA. The results of these interpretations shall be recorded on a signed certification and a copy kept with the film packet. Technique sheets prepared in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code, Section V, Article 2 Section T-291 shall also contain the developer temperature, developing time, fixing duration and all rinse times. All radiographic envelopes shall have clearly written on the outside of the envelope the following information: name of the Contractor's QCM, name of the nondestructive testing firm, name of the radiographer, date, contract number, complete part description, and all included weld numbers or a report number, as detailed in the Contractor's QCP. In addition, all innerleaves shall have clearly written on them the part description and all included weld numbers, as detailed in the Contractor's QCP. Full compensation for the Contractor's Quality Control Manager, Quality Control Plan, daily production log, and developing, modifying and fulfilling the requirements of the Quality Control Plan, shall be considered as included in the contract price paid per pound for bar reinforcing steel and no additional compensation will be allowed therefor. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT. --Measurement and payment for reinforcement in structures shall conform to the provisions in Sections 52-1.10, "Measurement," and 52-1.11, "Payment," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications and these technical specifications. 10-1.13 METAL BRIDGE RAILING Steel bridge picket railing shall conform to the provisions in Section 83-1, "Railings," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. 10-1.14 CONCRETE BARRIER Concrete barriers shall conform to the provisions in Section 83-2, "Barriers," of the Caltrans Standard Specifications. 22